Authors

Abstract

To address issues such as nonlinearity, large time delays, and low control accuracy in traditional water‑fertilizer irrigation systems, this study designs a modular control system and proposes a fuzzy PID controller optimized by an Improved Whale Migration Algorithm. After constructing the hardware and a dynamic EC model, closed‑loop real‑time control is implemented via a PLC. Simulations and bench tests show that the proposed controller outperforms conventional PID, fuzzy PID, and PSO‑optimized fuzzy PID in dynamic response, overshoot suppression, and steady‑state accuracy, offering an effective solution for precision agriculture.

Abstract in Chinese

本研究针对传统水肥灌溉系统存在的非线性、大时滞及控制精度不足等问题，设计了一套模块化控制系统，并提出一种基于改进鲸鱼迁徙算法优化的模糊PID控制器。通过构建硬件平台与电导率动态数学模型，并基于可编程逻辑控制器实现了系统的闭环实时控制。仿真与台架试验结果表明，该控制器在动态响应速度、超调抑制能力及稳态控制精度方面均优于传统PID、模糊PID及粒子群优化模糊PID控制器，为精准农业水肥管理提供了一套有效的技术解决方案。