Authors

Abstract

To reduce mechanical damage to wheat grains during planting, harvesting, transportation, storage, and processing, the mechanical properties of ten wheat varieties were investigated. The grain compression process was simulated and analyzed using ANSYS software. Moisture content was selected as a single factor to evaluate its effect on grain mechanical properties. In addition, the chemical composition of the grains, including moisture, starch, protein, fat, and fiber content, was analyzed, and grey relational analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between mechanical properties and chemical components. The results showed that the crushing load ranged from 68.09 to 170.51 N, the elastic modulus from 23.88 to 158.46 MPa, and the hardness from 30.60 to 57.86 N/mm. The average moisture, starch, protein, fat, and fiber contents were 13.26%, 56.72%, 12.94%, 2.54%, and 3.81%, respectively. The grey relational analysis indicated that fiber and protein exhibited the strongest correlations with the mechanical properties of wheat grains. The correlation values between crushing load and chemical components ranged from 0.5994 to 0.6888, those for elastic modulus ranged from 0.5877 to 0.7127, and those for hardness ranged from 0.5964 to 0.7192. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of agricultural machinery for wheat harvesting, handling, drying, and processing, as well as for wheat breeding.

Abstract in Chinese

为了降低小麦籽粒在种植、收获、运输、储藏及加工过程中的机械破碎与损伤，对10个品种的小麦籽粒进行了力学特性研究。通过ANSYS软件，对籽粒压缩过程进行了仿真分析。选取含水率作为单因素变量，研究籽粒力学特性与含水率的变化规律。同时，对籽粒含水率、粗淀粉、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗纤维等化学组分含量进行了研究分析，获取小麦籽粒力学特性与其主要化学组分灰色关联度特性。试验结果表明，籽粒破碎负载范围为68.09~170.51N，弹性模量范围为23.88~158.46MPa，硬度范围为30.60~57.86N/mm。其含水率、粗淀粉、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗纤维含量平均值分别为13.26%、56.72%、12.94%、2.54%、3.81%。籽粒破碎负载与各化学组分的关联度分别为0.6066、0.6128、0.6690、0.5994、0.6888；籽粒弹性模量与各化学组分的关联度分别为0.6215、0.6119、0.6557、0.5877、0.7127；籽粒硬度与各化学组分的关联度分别为0.7192、0.5964、0.6755、0.6522、0.6960。该研究结果可为小麦收获、运输、干燥及加工等农机具的设计和作物品种选育提供参考和依据。