Authors

Abstract

To enhance the seeding accuracy of multi-seed-per-hole operations for small-seeded crops, this study proposes a systematic optimization method for air-suction seed metering plates by integrating experimental analysis and CFD simulation. The relationship between suction hole diameter and seed size was established as dk = (0.4–0.6)dz, and a qualification criterion for suction hole negative pressure was defined. CFD simulations were employed to reveal the mapping relationship between suction hole pressure and air chamber inlet pressure, providing a basis for parameter optimization. A three-factor, three-level experimental design was then conducted to evaluate the effects of key structural and operational parameters. The results show that the optimized parameter combinations significantly improve pressure stability and seed-filling performance for millet, broomcorn millet, and rapeseed. Finally, through validation experiments, the qualified seed filling rates of the three seeds were obtained as 93%, 97%, and 96%, respectively, thereby verifying the accuracy of the study.

Abstract in Chinese

为提高小籽粒种子一穴多粒播种作业的准确性，本文通过排种盘吸孔的单因素试验，确定了适宜的负压范围和吸孔直径范围，并基于影响作业性能的主要因素开展了正交仿真试验与优化分析。结果表明，吸孔直径与种子粒径之间存在一定匹配关系，即dk=(0.4–0.6)dz。针对排种盘吸孔对三类种子的负压吸附特性，建立了负压吸附性能评价标准，并通过构建排种盘负压吸附试验平台，获得了各类种子的适宜负压范围。为进一步揭示吸孔负压与排种器气室吸气口负压之间的关系，基于Fluent软件对排种器气室流场进行了数值模拟与流场分析，确定了不同种子对应的气室吸气口负压范围。在此基础上，以吸气口负压、吸孔直径和吸孔厚度为试验因素，以吸孔处负压合格率为评价指标，开展了三因素三水平正交试验，获得了三种小籽粒种子的最优参数组合。最后通过验证试验，得到了三种种子充种合格率分别为93%、97%和96%，验证了研究的准确性。