Authors

Abstract

To address the low operating efficiency and uneven seeding associated with conventional seedling-production seeders, a cell-wheel seed-metering device was developed specifically for rapeseed blanket seedling production. The key components of the device were designed, and its seed-filling and seed-metering characteristics were analyzed. Using ‘Ningza 1838’ rapeseed as the test material, single-factor tests and multifactor response surface experiments were conducted. Seed-metering wheel rotational speed, seedling-tray conveying speed, and seed-box opening size were selected as the test factors, while the qualified seed-metering rate and missed-hill rate were used as the performance indicators. The results showed that the factors influencing the performance indicators, in descending order, were seed-box opening size, seedling-tray conveying speed, and seed-metering wheel rotational speed. The optimal parameter combination consisted of a seed-metering wheel rotational speed of 9.16 r·min⁻¹, a seedling-tray conveying speed of 0.45 m·s⁻¹, and a seed-box opening size of 22.80 mm. Under these conditions, the bench test yielded a qualified seed-metering rate of 94.41% and a missed-hill rate of 1.49%. These values were consistent with the predicted results, with deviations of less than 0.5 percentage points.

Abstract in Chinese

针对现有油菜育苗排种器作业效率低、播种均匀性差等问题，设计了一种窝眼轮式油菜育苗排种器，分析了充种与排种过程的力学特性与影响因素。以宁杂1838油菜种子为试验材料，以排种轮转速、秧盘输送速度、种箱开度为试验因素，以播种合格率及空穴率为性能评价指标，开展单因素和多因素响应面试验。结果表明：影响评价指标的主次顺序为种箱开度、秧盘输送速度和排种轮转速，最优参数组合为排种轮转速 9.16r∙min-1，秧盘输送速度 0.45m∙s-1，种箱开度22.80 mm，在最优参数下的该条件下台架试验播种合格率为94.41%，空穴率为1.49%，与预测值误差小于0.5%。