Authors

Abstract

Furrow opening is a critical operation in the transplantation of Codonopsis pilosula using the seedlings-with-exposed-heads-and-film-covered-bodies (HEBCF) method. The considerable resistance generated during furrow opening results in high power consumption, making resistance reduction an important research objective. Although furrow openers have been widely studied, this study focused on the furrow opener of a self-propelled HEBCF transplanter for C. pilosula. The interaction mechanism between the furrow opener and the soil was investigated through force analysis and the development of models describing soil transport patterns and particle velocities. A discrete element simulation model of the furrow-opening process was established using EDEM to evaluate the effects of the main structural parameters on furrow-opening resistance. A three-factor five-level Box–Behnken response surface experiment was conducted, and regression models for furrow-opening resistance and soil-particle velocity were developed based on the simulation results. The structural parameters were then optimized. The optimal parameter combination consisted of a chisel-tip angle of 65°, a clearance angle of 10°, and an oblique angle of 90°. Under these conditions, furrow-opening resistance was reduced by 30.82%, while the agronomic requirements of a furrow depth of 10 cm and a furrow width of 50 cm were satisfied. These results provide a technical basis for the development and optimization of self-propelled HEBCF transplanters for C. pilosula.

Abstract in Chinese

开种植沟作业为党参露头覆膜移栽流程的关键环节，移栽机在执行开沟作业时会产生较大阻力，进而消耗大量动力，因此减阻开沟技术成为当前研究的首要方向。国内外研究机构针对开沟装置开展了较多研究，本文针对自走式党参露头覆膜移栽机的开沟装置，研究开沟装置与土壤的互作机理，对开沟器进行受力分析，研究土壤运移规律和速度模型；借助 EDEM 软件构建开沟仿真试验模型，全面研究相关因素对开沟阻力的影响，采用Box-Benhnken响应曲面法设计三因素五水平的仿真试验，通过开沟性能仿真试验研究，得到开沟阻力模型和土壤颗粒速度模型，进行结构参数优化，最终确定开沟器的铲尖角65°、隙角10°和斜切角90°的最优参数组合，开沟作业阻力降低30.82%，同时满足党参移栽的开沟深度10cm、开沟宽度50cm的农艺要求，为自走式党参露头覆膜移栽机研发提供支撑。