Authors

Abstract

Addressing the issues of severe resource wastage, low automation levels, and insufficient control precision in traditional orchard water and fertiliser management, this paper proposes a multi-dimensional, collaborative integrated water and fertiliser management system for orchards. This system combines IoT sensing technology, wireless communication technology, cloud platform computing, and intelligent control algorithms. Through a layered architecture design, this system innovatively enhances the perception layer, transmission layer, data layer, and application layer. It integrates diverse communication protocols such as ZigBee, LoRa and NB-IoT, combines sensors for irrigation, fertilisation, and other aspects, and merges intelligent algorithms including PID closed-loop control and fuzzy neural networks. This enables precise water-fertiliser ratio formulation, remote real-time monitoring, and adaptive regulation. Field validation at a demonstration orchard in Guangdong demonstrated water savings of 30%–65%, fertiliser reductions of 40%–50%, and crop yield increases of 20%–135%. Research findings indicate that the deep integration of IoT and cloud platforms significantly enhances water and fertiliser utilisation efficiency in orchards while reducing labour costs. This provides technical support for standardised orchard cultivation, aligning with the demands for precision and intelligent development in modern agriculture.

Abstract in Chinese

针对传统果园水肥管理中资源浪费严重、自动化程度低、管控精度不足等问题，结合物联网感知技术、无线通信技术、云平台计算与智能控制算法，提出一套多维度协同的果园水肥一体化管控体系。该体系通过分层架构设计，分别对感知层、传输层、数据层与应用层进行了改良创新，整合 ZigBee、LoRa等多元通信协议，集成灌溉，施肥等多方面传感器，融合 PID 闭环控制、模糊神经网络等智能算法，实现水肥精准配比、远程实时监控与自适应调控。通过广东示范果园田间验证，系统可节水 30%~65%、节肥 40%~50%，作物增产 20%~135%，研究结果表明，物联网与云平台的深度融合可显著提升果园水肥利用效率、降低人工成本，为果园标准化栽培提供技术支撑，符合现代农业精细化、智能化发展需求。